Functional History of Cryptography

A Functional Journey Through Cryptography

Welcome! This interactive page explores the history of secret messages using JavaScript to perform real encryption and decryption for some classic ciphers.

Caesar Cipher

Frequency analysis

Monoalphabetic Substitution

Enter a 26-letter key (A→key[0], B→key[1], …). Example: QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM

Frequency analysis

Vigenère Cipher

Frequency analysis

Frequency Analysis (any text)

Modern Crypto Demo (AES-GCM) — Educational Only

Uses the browser’s SubtleCrypto. Do not use in production to protect real secrets here.

The Enigma Machine — Enhanced (3-rotor)

Educational simulator: 3 rotors, Reflector B/C, ring settings (Ringstellung), starting positions, plugboard, and correct double-stepping.

LeftA
MiddleA
RightA

Experiment with the ciphers above! Notice how complexity increases. Modern crypto secures our digital world.

References / More Information:

  • CryptoHack: A free platform focused on learning modern cryptography through interactive puzzles, challenges, and competitions.
  • Cryptopals Crypto Challenges: Hands-on challenges where you implement and break various ciphers to learn practical cryptographic concepts.
  • Coursera Cryptography Courses: Offers structured cryptography courses from universities like Stanford and Maryland. Includes popular courses like "Cryptography I".
  • edX Cryptography Courses: Provides access to cryptography courses and professional certificates from various institutions.
  • Metana Cryptography Courses: Lists several top online courses from platforms like Coursera, Udemy, edX, and MIT OpenCourseWare.
  • Cryptography Stack Exchange: A question-and-answer site for cryptography researchers, students, and professionals.
  • Reddit r/cryptography: A subreddit for discussions, news, and learning resources related to cryptography.
  • IACR ePrint Archive: Provides access to cutting-edge research papers in cryptography.
  • Gary Kessler's Cryptography Overview: A very broad and in-depth overview site covering numerous cryptographic algorithms and protocols.
  • Awesome Cryptography (GitHub): A curated list of cryptography resources, libraries, tools, and links.
  • Awesome Crypto Papers (GitHub): A curated list focusing specifically on important cryptography papers, articles, and tutorials.
  • NIST Computer Security Resource Center (CSRC): The official source for cryptographic standards (like AES, SHA) and guidelines.
  • OpenSSL: A widely used open-source software library for TLS/SSL and various cryptographic functions.
  • Google Tink: A multi-language, cross-platform library providing secure and easy-to-use cryptographic APIs.
  • Libsodium: A modern and easy-to-use software library for encryption, decryption, signatures, password hashing, and more.
  • CrypTool: Free, open-source e-learning software illustrating cryptographic and cryptanalytic concepts.
  • A Few Thoughts on Cryptographic Engineering: A well-respected blog covering practical aspects of cryptography and security engineering.
  • Schneier on Security: Leading resource on security, privacy, and related cryptographic issues by Bruce Schneier.
  • Cryptologie: Blog by David Wong discussing various cryptography topics.
  • Dhole Moments: Blog covering cryptography and security topics, often with practical code examples.

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